Guru Legal

Articles Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code (IBC)

Cross-Border Insolvency Framework: India’s Adoption of UNCITRAL Model Law and the Outstanding Implementation Questions

Introduction In the global economy, corporate insolvency is rarely a purely domestic affair. Large Indian companies operate through subsidiaries, branches, and contractual networks spanning multiple jurisdictions. Foreign companies do business

Articles Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code (IBC)

Financial Creditor vs. Operational Creditor Hierarchy: Constitutional Validity, Commercial Rationale, and Persistent Criticism

Introduction One of the defining structural choices of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 is the differentiation it draws between financial creditors and operational creditors. This distinction, which permeates the

Articles Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code (IBC)

Pre-Packaged Insolvency Resolution for MSMEs: Why Uptake Has Been Negligible Despite Legislative Intent

Introduction The introduction of Pre-Packaged Insolvency Resolution Process (PPIRP) through the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act, 2021, was greeted with considerable optimism among insolvency professionals, MSME advocates, and policy

Articles Insolvency & Bankruptcy Code (IBC)

Personal Guarantor Insolvency Under IBC: Two Years of NCLT Practice, Judicial Divergence, and Enforcement Challenges

Introduction The extension of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code to personal insolvency, and specifically to the insolvency of personal guarantors of corporate debtors, was among the most consequential and contested

Articles IT Law

Metaverse Jurisdiction: Property Rights, Avatar Identity, Contract Enforcement, and Applicable Law in Virtual Environments

Introduction The metaverse, a term that encompass a spectrum of persistent, interactive, three-dimensional virtual environments ranging from gaming platforms like Roblox and Fortnite to blockchain-based virtual worlds like Decentraland and

Articles IT Law

Online Gaming Regulation: GST Disputes, Skill vs. Chance Jurisprudence, and the MeitY Intermediary Framework for Gaming Platforms

Introduction India’s online gaming industry has undergone a transformation of both economic scale and regulatory complexity over the past five years. From a largely unregulated sector dominated by casual mobile

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