Contract Law

Articles Contract Law

Unilateral Contract Modification in SaaS and Platform Agreements: User Rights Against Dynamic Terms of Service

Introduction The terms of service governing digital platforms and software-as-a-service products have become among the most read and least understood contractual instruments in contemporary commercial life. More significantly, they are

Articles Contract Law

Non-Compete Covenants in Indian Employment Contracts: Restraint of Trade, Confidentiality, and the Post-Employment Enforcement Problem

Introduction The enforceability of post-employment restrictions in India represents one of the most practically consequential and judicially unsettled areas of Indian contract law. The technology sector’s explosive growth, the proliferation

Articles Contract Law

Frustration of Contract in Long-Term Infrastructure Projects: Revisiting Section 56 Through the Lens of Climate Disruption

Introduction The doctrine of frustration has always occupied an uneasy position in contract law. Its function is to provide relief where supervening events, unforeseen at the time of contracting, render

Articles Contract Law

Force Majeure After COVID: How Courts Are Now Reading Pandemic-Era Clauses Against Climate Events and Geopolitical Disruptions

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic forced Indian courts to engage with force majeure and frustration doctrine more intensively than at any time since the partition-era commercial disputes of the 1940s and

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